In Bolivia, the parliament has developed initiatives aimed at combating organized crime through the decriminalization of coca cultivation in certain areas, to control the legal market.

By establishing a cooperative cultivation program in 2004, the government began permitting registered farmers in select areas to grow coca for the legal market on a limited amount of land, which actively combatted organized crime. Then, in 2008, parliamentarians designed a community coca control program that incorporates a database, to monitor the transport and sales of coca and identify its diversion to the illicit market. This recognizes that coca cultivation is a legitimate source of income and that alternatives to the eradication and criminalization of illicit crops can incentivize rural development, particularly in communities affected by or at risk of the illicit cultivation of drug crops.