The question of oil and gas revenue distribution – which represents almost all of the country’s public revenues – has been, and remains, a key driver of the Libyan conflict since 2011.

In multiple instances, territorial control of oil and gas infrastructure has become weaponized by various forces, putting the very economic survival of the country’s governance structures at risk. Efficient and accountable security for oil and gas infrastructure is thus key to building sustainable peace in Libya and a crucial component of security sector reform.

This Conference Report, authored following the DCAF-organised virtual conference “Exploring the Implications of the Use of Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs) on Libyan Oil Fields” held on 2 December 2020, considers issues relating to the security of oil and gas infrastructure, namely PMSCs and PFG governance, as well as the role of local governance in addressing security and human rights risks.

This report was funded by the donors of the Trust Fund for North Africa (TFNA), as well as the Directorate of International Law at the Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs.

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